Dr. Linxia Gu's Bio-Mechanics Laboratory

Representative Papers

• Lin, S. M., Lampi, M.C., Reinhart-King, C., Tsui, G.C.P., Wang, J., Nelson, C.A., and Gu, L.X., 2018. Eigenstrain as a Mechanical Set-Point of Cells. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechnobiology. DOI: 10.1007/s10237-018-1004-0
• Dong, P.F., Mozafari, H., Prabhu, D., Bezerra, H., Wilson, D.L., Gu, L.X., 2020. OCT-based Modeling of Stent Deployment in Heavily Calcified Coronary Lesion. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the ASME, 142(5),  051012 (8 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4045285
• Hua*, Y., Wilson*, C.L., Lin, S.M., Dutta, D., Kidambi, S., Gu, L.X., 2018. Traumatic Injury of Astrocytes: An In Vitro Study. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology. DOI: 10.1142/S0219519418500409  (* Equal Contribution)  
• Lin, S. M., Han, X.W., Bi, Y.H., Ju, S.Y., and Gu, L.X, 2017. Fluid-Structure Interaction in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: effect of modeling techniques. BioMed Research International, 10 pages. DOI: 10.1155/2017/7023078 
• Lin, S. M., Han, X.W., Tsui, G., Hui, D., and Gu, L.X., 2017. Active Stiffening of F-Actin Network Dominated by Structural Transition of Actin Filaments into Bundles. Composites Part B-Engineering, 116, 377–381. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.10.079
• Hölzl, K.*, Lin, S.M.*, Tytgat, L., Van Vlierberghe, S., Gu, L.X., and Ovsianikov, A., 2016. Bioink Properties Before, During and After 3D Bioprinting. Biofabraiction, 8(2016) 032002, DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/8/3/032002  (* Equal contribution)

Featured by Biofabrication website;  Reappear in 2019 special issue on bioinks 

• Zhao, S., and Gu, L.X., 2014. Implementation and Validation of Aortic Remodeling in Hypertensive Rats. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the ASME.136(9), 091007 (8 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4027939 

• Hua, Y., Akular, P., Gu, L.X., Berg, J., and Nelson, C.A., 2014. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Mechanism of Blast Wave Transmission through a Surrogate Head, Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics-Transactions of the ASME. 134, 121005 (9 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4026156

• Zhao, S., Gu, L.X., and Froemming, S.R., 2012. On the importance of modeling stent procedure for predicting arterial mechanics, ASME Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 134, 121005 (6 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4023094.

Year 2020

• Tong, J.F., Dong, P.F., Ghate, D., Kedar, S., and Gu, L.X., 2020. Three-Dimensional Characterization of Peripapillary Retinal Pigment Epithelium-Basement Membrane Layer in Patients Following Lumbar Puncture. Applied Sciences,10(5), 1559. DOI: 10.3390/app 10051559 
• Dong, P.F., Mozafari, H., Prabhu, D., Bezerra, H., Wilson, D.L., Gu, L.X., 2020. OCT-based Modeling of Stent Deployment in Heavily Calcified Coronary Lesion. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the ASME, 142(5),  051012 (8 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4045285
• Shen, X. , Jiang, J.B., Zhu, H.F., Liu, K.K., Dong, P.F., Gu, L.X., 2020. Comparative Study of Tapered Versus Conventional Cylindrical Balloon for Stent Implantation in Stenotic Tapered Artery, Artificial Organs. DOI: 10.1111/aor.13661
• Yi, T., Zhou, C.C., Ma, L., Wu, L.N., Xu, X.J., Gu, L.X., Fan, Y.J., Xian, G., Fan, H.Y., and Zhang, X.D., 2020. Direct 3D printing of Ti-6Al-4V/HA composite porous scaffolds for customized mechanical properties and biological functions. J of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 1-11. DOI: 10.1002/term.3013

Year 2019

• Ju, S.Y., Gu, L.X., 2019. Hemodynamic Interference of Serial Stenoses and Its Impact on FFR and iFR Measurements, Applied Sciences,9(2). DOI: 10.3390/app9020279
• Premaraj, T.S.*, Ju, S.Y.*, Premaraj, S., Kim, S.K., Gu, L.X., 2019. Noninvasive Estimation of Pharyngeal Airway Resistance in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients based on Cone-Beam Computerized Tomography and Computational Fluid Dynamics. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 19500454    
• Ju, S.Y., Abdullah, I., Lin, S.M., Gu, L.X., 2019. Hemodynamics and Wall Mechanics after Surgical Repair of Aortic Arch: Implication for Better Clinical Decisions. Applied Sciences, 9(4), 807. DOI: 10.3390/app9040807
• Mozafari, H., Wang L.L., Lei, Y.G., Gu, L.X., 2019. Multi-Scale Modeling of the Lamellar Unit of Arterial Media. Nanotechnology Reviews, 8:539-547. DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2019-0048
• Tong, J.F., Ghate, D., Kedar, S., and Gu, L.X., 2019. Indirect Traumatic Optic Neuropathy induced by Primary Blast: A fluid - structure interaction approach.  Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the ASME.DOI: 10.1115/1. 4043668
• Mozafari, H., Zhou, C.C., and Gu, L.X., 2019. Mechanical Contribution of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in the Tunica Media of Artery. Nanotechnology Reviews, 8(1), pp.50-60. DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2019-0005
• Zheng,Q.L.*, Dong, P.F.*, Li, Z.Q., Han, X.W., Zhou, C.C., An, M.W., and Gu, L.X., 2019. Mechanical Characterization of Braided Composite Stents made of Helical Polyethylene Terephthalate Strips and NiTi Wires. Nanotechnology Reviews, 8:168-174. DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2019-0016(* Equal Contribution)
• Zheng,Q.L., Mozafari,H., Li, Z.Q., Gu, L.X., Han, X.W., You, Z., An, M.W., 2019. Mechanical Characterization of Braided Self-expanding Stents: Impact of Design Parameters, Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 19(6), 1950038 (16 pages). DOI: 10.1142/S0219519419500386
• Mozafari, H., Dong, P.F., Hadidi,H., Sealy, M.P., and Gu, L.X., 2019. Mechanical Characterizations of 3D-printed PLLA/Steel Particle Composite. Materials, 12(1). DOI: 10.3390/ma12010001
• Tong, J.F., Ghate, D., Kedar, S., and Gu, L.X., 2019. Relative Contributions of Intracranial Pressure and Intraocular Pressure in Lamina Cribrosa Behavior. Journal of Ophthalmology. Article ID 3064949, 8 pages with supplementary materials. DOI: 10.1155/2019/3064949
• Dong, P.F., Bezerra, H.G., Wilson, D.L., Gu, L.X., 2019. Impact of Calcium Quantifications on Stent Expansions. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the ASME, 141(2), 021010 (8 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4042013
• Wang, Y.L., Dong, P.F., Ke, J.Y. (REU), Shen, X., Li, Z.M., Han, X.W., Gu, L.X., 2019. Experimental Evaluation of Self-Expandable Metallic Tracheobronchial Stents, Nanotechnology Reviews, 8(1), pp.136-142. DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2019-0013
• Mozafari, H., Dong, P.F., Ren, K.W., Han, X.W., Gu, L.X., 2019. Micromechanical Analysis of Bioresorbable PLLA/Mg Composites Coated with MgO: effects of particle weight fraction, particle/matrix interface bonding and interphase. Composites Part B-Engineering, 162, 129-133. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.10.106
• Tong, J.F., Ghate, D., Kedar, S., and Gu, L.X., Relative Contributions of Intracranial Pressure and Intraocular Pressure on Lamina Cribrosa Behavior. Journal of Ophthalmology, Article ID 3064949, 8 pages with supplementary materials. DOI: 10.1155/2019/3064949

Year 2018

• Chen, X.N., Fan, H.Y., Deng, X.W., Wu, L.N., Yi, T., Gu, L.X., Zhou, C.C., Fan, Y.J., and Zhang, X.D., 2018. Scaffolds Structural Microenvironmental Cues to Guide Tissue Regeneration in Bone Tissue Applications. Nanomaterials, 8(11), 960. DOI: 10.3390/nano8110960
• Chen, H.M., Bi, Y.H., Ju, S.Y., Gu, L.X., Zhu, X.Y., and Han, X.W., 2018. Hemodynamics and Pathology of an Enlarging Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Model in Rabbits, PLoS ONE 13(10): e0205366. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205366
• Mozafari, H., Dong, P.F., Zhao S.J., Bi, Y.H., Han, X.W., Gu, L.X., 2018. Migration Resistance of Esophageal Stents: the role of stent design. Computers in Biology and Medicine (CBM). 100(9), 43-49. DOI:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.06.031
• Villanueva, C.A., Tong, J.F., Nelson, C.A.,  and Gu, L.X., 2018. Ureteral tunnel length versus ureteral orifice configuration in the determination of ureterovesical junction competence: a computer simulation model. J of Pediatric Urology. 14(3), pp 258.e1-258.e6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.01.009  
• Shen, X., Deng,Y.Q., Ji, S., Zhu, H. F., Gu, L.X., Bending Analysis of Stented Coronary Artery: the Interaction between Stent and Vessel. J of Mechanics. DOI: 10.1017/jmech.2018.23P
• Shen, X., Ji, S., Deng, Y.Q., Zhu, H.F., Jiang, J.B., Gu, L.X., 2018. Tissue Stresses in Stented Coronary Arteries with Different Geometries: Effect of The Relation Between Stent Length and Lesion Length. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology-Transactions of the ME. DOI: 10.1007/s40997-018-0206-5
• Huang, W.F, Tsui, C.P, Tang, C.Y, Gu, L.X, 2018. Effects of Compositional Tailoring on Drug Delivery Behaviors of Silica Xerogel/Polymer Core-shell Composite Nanoparticles. Scientific Reports, 8:13002. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31070-9

Year 2017

• Hua, Y. *, Tong, J.F. *, Ghate, D., Kedar, S., and Gu, L.X., 2017. Intracranial Pressure Influences the Behavior of the Optic Nerve Head. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the ASME, 139(3), 031003 (6 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4035406 (* Equal contribution) 
• Mozafaria, H., Lin, S.M., Tsui, G.C.P., Gu, L.X., 2018. Controllable Energy Absorption of Double Sided Corrugated Tubes under Axial Crushing. Composites Part B-Engineering, DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.09.042

Featured by UNL Pocket Science

• Hua, Y., Wang, Y.G., and Gu, L.X., 2017. Primary Blast Wave Induced Brain dynamics influenced by Head Orientations. Biomedical Engineering Letters,  DOI: 10.1007/s13534-017-0027-2

• Huang, W.F., Tsui, C.P., Tang, C.Y., Yang, M., and Gu, L.X., 2017. Surface charge switchable and pH-responsive chitosan/polymer core-shell composite nanoparticles for drug delivery application. Composites Part B-Engineering. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.03.028
• Chen, J.C., Zhang, X.D., Gu, L.X., and Nelson, C.A., 2017. Estimating Muscle Forces and Knee Joint Torque using Surface Electromyography: A Musculoskeletal Biomechanical Model. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, DOI: 10.1142/S0219519417500695. 

Year 2016

• Jiang, J., Li, Z.R., Wang, H.J., Wang, Y., Carlson, M.A., Teusink, M.J., MacEwan, M.E., Gu, L.X., and Xie, J.W., 2016. Expanded Three-dimensional Nanofiber Scaffolds: Cell Penetration, Neovascularization, and Host Response. Advanced Healthcare Materials. 5(23), 2993-3003, DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600808
• Lin, S. M., and Gu, L.X., 2016. Contribution of Fiber Undulation to Mechanics of Three-dimensional Collagen-I Gel. Macromolecular Symposia, 365(1), 112-117. DOI: 10.1002/masy.201650020
• Na, R., Lin, S.M., Gu, L.X., and Shen, Z.G., 2016. Case Study of Quantifying Energy Loss through Ceiling-Attic Recessed Lighting Fixtures through 3D Numerical Simulation. ACSE  Journal of Architectural Engineering, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000226

Year 2015

• Lin, S. M., Lauren A. Hapach, Reinhart-King, C., and Gu, L.X., 2015. Towards Tuning the Mechanical Properties of Three-Dimensional Collagen Scaffolds Using a Coupled Fiber-Matrix Model. Materials, 8(8), 5376-5384. DOI: 10.3390/ma8085254

• Dale, M.A., Suh M.K., Zhao,S.J., Meisinger, T., Gu, L.X, Swier, V.J., Agrawal,D.K., Greiner,T.C., Carson, J.S., Baxter, B.T., and Xiong, W.F., 2015. Background Differences in Baseline and Stimulated MMP Levels Influence Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Susceptibility. Arteriosclerosis, 243 (2), 621–629. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.006.

• Chen, J.C, Zhang, X.D., Lin, S.M., Wang, H., and Gu, L.X., 2015. Multiscale Modeling of Skeletal Muscle Active Contraction in Relation to Mechanochemical Coupling of Molecular Motors. Micromachines, 6(7), 902-914. DOI:10.3390/mi6070902

• Hua, Y., Gu, L.X., Premaraj, S., and Zhang, X.D., 2015. Role of Interphase in the Mechanical Behavior of Silica/Epoxy Resin Nanocomposites. Materials, 8(6), 3519-3531. DOI: 10.3390/ma8063519
• Akula, P.K., Hua, Y., and Gu, L.X., 2015. Blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury through ear canal: a finite element study. Biomedical Engineering Letters, 5(4), 281-288, DOI: 10.1007/s13534-015-0204-0
• Hua, Y., Lin, S.M., and Gu, L.X., 2015. Relevance of Blood Vessel Networks in Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, Article ID 928236, 8 pages. DOI: 10.1155/2015/928236.

Featured by U.S. Medicine (The Voice of Federal Medicine), BTN LiveBig, and UNL Headline; quoted by several online news sources such as EurekAlert!/AAAS, Health Canal, News Medical, and ECN magazine.

• Lin, S. M., andGu, L.X., 2015. Influence of Crosslink Density and Stiffness on Mechanical Properties of Type I Collagen Gel. Materials, 8(2), 551-560. DOI:10.3390/ma8020551
• Hua, Y., Akula, P., Kelso, M., and Gu, L.X., 2015. Characterization of Closed Head Impact Injury in Rat. BioMed Research International, Article ID 272976, 9 pages, DOI: 10.1155/2015/272976..
• Zhao, S., Stamm A., Lee, J.S., Gruverman, A., Lim, J.Y., and Gu, L.X., 2015. Elasticity of Differentiated and Undifferentiated Human Neuroblastoma Cells Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 15(5), 1550069 (10 pages). DOI: 10.1142/S0219519415500694.

Vascular Mechanics

1. Zhao, S., and Gu, L.X., 2014. Implementation and Validation of Aortic Remodeling in Hypertensive Rats. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the ASME.136(9), 091007 (8 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4027939
2. Zhao S., Gu, L.X., and Froemming, S.R., 2013. Experimental Investigations of the Stent-Artery Interaction. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 37(7), 463-469. DOI: 10.3109/03091902.2013.831491
3. Gu, L.X., and Cutler, E., 2013. Experimental Assessment of the Impact of Asymptomatic Gas Emboli on the Vessel Wall. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 13(4), 1350064 (11 pages). DOI: 10.1142/S0219519413500644
4. Zhao, S., Gu, L.X., and Froemming, S.R., 2012. On the importance of modeling stent procedure for predicting arterial mechanics, ASME Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 134, 121005 (6 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4023094.
5. Zhao S., Gu L.X., and Froemming, S.R., 2012. Effects of Arterial Strain and Stress in the Prediction of Restenosis Risk: Computer modeling of stent trials. Biomedical Engineering Letters, 2(3), 158-163. DOI: 10.1007/s13534-012-0067-6
6. Steinert B.D., Zhao S., Gu L.X., 2012. Monitoring the Wall Mechanics during Stent Deployment in a Vessel, Journal of Visualized Experiments, 63, e3945, DOI: 10.3791/3945
7. Zhao S., Gu, L.X., and Froemming, S.R., 2012. Performance of Self-expanding Nitinol Stent in a Curved Artery: Impact of stent length and deployment orientation. ASME Journal of Biomechanical Engineering.134, 071007 (6 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4007095
8. Gu, L.X., Zhao, S., and Froemming, S.R., 2012. Arterial Wall Mechanics and Clinical Implications after Coronary Stenting: Comparisons of Three Stent Designs, International Journal of Applied Mechanics, 4(2). DOI: 10.1142/S1758825112500135
9. Zhao S., Gu, L.X., and Froemming, S.R., 2012. Finite Element Analysis of the Implantation of a Self-Expanding Stent: Impact of Lesion Calcification. ASME Journal of Medical Devices, 6(2),021001 (6 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4006357
10. Zhao S., Liu, C., and Gu, L.X., 2012. The Impact of Wire Stent Fabrication Technique on the Performance of Stent Placement. ASME Journal of Medical Devices 6(1), 011007 (4 pages) DOI: 10.1115/1.4005788
11. Gu, L.X.,Kasavajhala, A.R.M., Lang, H.L., and Hammel, J.M., 2012. Experimental and Numerical investigation of Vascular Suture Closure. Biomedical Engineering Letters, 2(1), 46-51, DOI: 10.1007/s13534-012-0046-y
12. Zhao, S., Li, W., and Gu, L.X., 2012. Biomechanical Prediction of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture Risk: Sensitivity Analysis, J of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 5, 664-671. DOI: 10.4236/jbise.2012.511083
13. Zhao S., Gu L.X., and Froemming, S.R., 2011. Assessment of Shape Memory Alloy stent Deployment in a Stenosed Artery. Biomedical Engineering Letters, 1(4), 226-231, DOI: 10.1007/s13534-011-0036-5.
14. Gu, L.X., Zhao, S., Muttyam A.K., and Hammel, J.M., 2010. The Relation between the Arterial Stress and Restenosis Rate after Coronary Stenting. ASME Journal of Medical Devices 4(3), 031005(7 pages). DOI:10.1115/1.4002238       
15. Gu, L.X., Kumar, A.V., Santra, S., and Mericle, R.A., 2005. Finite Element Analysis of the Covered Microstent. Journal of Biomechanics, 38(6), 1221-1227. DOI:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.06.008

    Traumatic Brian Injury

16.  Hua, Y., Akular, P., Gu, L.X., Berg, J., and Nelson, C.A., 2014. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Mechanism of Blast Wave Transmission through a Surrogate Head, Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics-Transactions of the ASME. 134, 121005 (9 pages). DOI: 10.1115/1.4026156
17. Gu, L.X., Chafi, M.S., Ganpule S., and Chandra, N., 2012. The Influence of Heterogeneous Meninges on the Brain Mechanics under Primary Blast Loading. Composites Part B: Engineering, 43(8), 3160-3166. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.04.014
18. Ganpule S., Gu, L.X., Alai, A., and Chandra, N., 2012. Role of Helmet in the Mechanics of Shock Wave Propagation under Blast Loading Conditions. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 15(11), 1233-1244. DOI:10.1080/10255842.2011.597353
19. Chafi, M.S.,Ganpule S.,Gu, L.X., and Chandra, N., 2011. Dynamic Response of Brain Subjected to Blast Loadings: Influence of Frequency Ranges. International Journal of Applied Mechanics (IJAM), 3(4), 803-823. DOI: 10.1142/S175882511100124X

    Composites

20. Hua, Y., Akular, P., and Gu, L.X., 2014. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Carbon Fiber Sandwich Panels Subjected to Blast Loading. Composites Part B-Engineering, 56, 456-463. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.08.070
21. Hua, Y., Gu, L.X. and Watanabe H., 2013. Micromechanical Analysis of Nanoparticle- Reinforced Dental Composites. International Journal of Engineering Science, 69, 69-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2013.04.001
22. Hua, Y., and Gu, L.X., 2013. Prediction of the thermal-mechanical behavior of particle-reinforced metal matrix composites, Composites Part B: Engineering. 45(1), 1464-1470. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.09.056
23. Hua, Y., Kasavajhala, A.R.M., and Gu, L.X., 2013. Elastic-Plastic Analysis and Strength Evaluation of Adhesive Joints in Wind Turbine Blades. Composites Part B: Engineering, 44, 650-656. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.02.001
24. Hua, Y., Gu, L.X., and Trogdon M.(Undergraduate), 2012. Three Dimensional Modeling of Carbon/Epoxy to Titanium Single-lap Joints with Variable Adhesive Recess Length. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives (IJAA), 38, 25-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2012.06.003
25. Kasavajhala, A.R.M., and Gu, L.X., 2011. Fracture Analysis of Kevlar-49/Epoxy and E-Glass/Epoxy Doublers for Reinforcement of Cracked Aluminum Plates. Composite Structures, 93(8), 2090-2095. DOI:10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.02.012  
26. Gu, L.X., Kasavajhala, A.R.M., and Zhao, S., 2011. Finite Element Analysis of Cracks in Aging Aircraft Structures with Bonded Composite-Patch Repairs. Composites Part B: Engineering, 42(3), 505-510. DOI:10.1016/j.compositesb.2010.11.014  

    Energy and Algorithm

27. Wang, S.M., Shen, Z.G., and Gu, L.X., 2012. The impact of roof pitch and ceiling insulation on cooling load of naturally-ventilated attics, Energies, 5(7), 2178-2196; DOI:10.3390/en5072178
28. Wang,S.M., Shen, Z.G., and Gu, L.X., 2012. Numerical Simulation of Buoyancy-driven Turbulent Ventilation in Attic Space under Winter Conditions, Energy and Buildings, 47, 360-368. DOI:10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.12.012
29. Kumar, A.V., Burla, R., Padmanabhan, S., and Gu, L.X., 2008. Finite Element Analysis using Nonconforming Mesh. ASME Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, 8(3), 031005(11 pages). DOI:10.1115/1.2956990